The percentage of alcohol in wine.
The process by which bud wood from a specific varietal is united to rootstock. This practice is commonly followed as a means of overcoming the blight of phylloxera.
Spanish term applied to the best dry, old Rioja wines. Synonymous with "Imperiale."
A very hard rock that is rich in minerals. It is prized for its ability to warm quickly and hold that heat. Its high pH is seen as an advantage in the production of grapes varietals having high natural acid levels (e.g. the Gamay grape).